The aim of this review is focusing on the most important safety issues in Cardiovascular MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) which are categorized as: 1-safety items in patients who referred for stress cardiac MR studies. 2-Safety consideration that we must know when a patient with Cardiovascular devices referred for any (Cardiovascular or non-Cardiovascular) MRI with focus on new protocols according to update or old devices. 3-Review safety issues in the use of MR contrast agent.

Background: During interventional cardiology processes, patients especially women and children receive high radiation doses due to their sensitivity. Objective: In this study, we evaluated a pediatric patient dose separately in those undergone intervention cardiac procedure. Material and Methods: In this cross sectional study, a public hospital with 252 patients, Entrance Skin Dose (ESD) and Dose-Area Product (DAP) were recorded. Prior to the beginning of fluoroscopic procedure, the chest thickness and Body Mass Index (BMI) of patients were measured. Furthermore, kV, mAs, angle of tube and time of angiography and angioplasty were recorded. Results: Children ratio to all patients underwent the Cardiovascular imaging was 1. 8. The means of patients’ ESD, DAP and fluoroscopy time were 178. 3± 17 mGy, 1123. 6± 11 μ Gycm2 and 281. 4± 181. 2 s, respectively for coronary angiography. The females were 96. 8 under 30 years and their dose mean was 276± 37 mGy, 368± 24 μ Gycm2 for ESD and DAP received, respectively with 376s fluoroscopy time. Mean mAs was 359± 34 and kV was 71. 23± 2. 7. Above all, a direct and significant correlation was found between the patients’ chest thickness with kV (p=0. 037, r = 0. 11) and mAs (p<0. 001, r = 0. 28) variations. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that the number of children referred to the cardiology department and also the dose rate received by them during this test was higher than the data provided for children in developing countries. Paying attention to the children’ s perception of high-fluorescence time is necessary in comparison with total angiography time in order to reduce the number of radiation injuries among pediatrics.

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the most common causes of mortality in the world. Increased blood pressure is one of the most important risk factors for Cardiovascular diseases. Decreasing blood pressure due to exercise can reduce the risk of Cardiovascular incidents. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of exercise on blood pressure, heart rate and rate pressure product.materials and methods: To evaluate the effects of intensity and volume of resistance exercises on the post-exercise Cardiovascular responses, 10 young untrained non-athletic men (age: 22±0.8 years; height: 173.05±2.4 cms and weight: 67.2±3.4 kgs) participated in this study as the subjects. The subjects performed four exercise bouts in a randomized order. Each bout consisted of five exercises: arm curl, hamstring curl, squat, seated lat pull-down and bench press. The exercises were determined to be performed at three sets: SHORT volume of LOW 40% 1RM (SL) and HIGH intensity 80%1RM (SH) and at six sets: LONG volume of LOW 40% 1RM (LL) and HIGH intensity 80% 1RM (LH). Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and rate pressure product (RPP) (product of HR and systolic BP) were measured before the exercise (baseline) and at the ten-minute intervals within 90 minutes after each exercise. Then, the data were analyzed using two way ANOVA repeated measures and LSD post-hoc tests.results: Systolic BP was found to be Affected by the volume and intensity of exercise and became lower during 10 to 60 minutes after the exercises (P<0.05). However, Diastolic BP was not altered after the exercise bouts. HR was increased in 30 minutes after LL and SL, and within 60 minutes after SH and LH exercises (P<0.05). In contrast, after SH and LH, RPP was increased over a period of 50 minutes.Conclusion: The intensity and volume of resistance exercises do not influence the magnitude and duration of post-exercise hypotension. Also, HR and RPP post-exercise are not affected by the resistance exercise volume.

Background: To explore the diagnosis and evaluation efficacy of liver iron concentration (LIC) based on magnetic resonance quantitative technique in liver iron overload in patients with long-term transfusion. Materials and Methods: From November 2021 to January 2023, 30 chronic aplastic anemia (CAA) patients with long-term blood transfusion admitted to our hospital were included as the study group. Simultaneously, 20 healthy volunteers with matched gender and age were included in the control group. The serum ferritin (SF), serum iron, total iron binding capacity and transferrin saturation (TSAT) between the two groups was calculated and compared. LIC was evaluated using Liver Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-T2* map imaging. The correlation between LIC and SF and TSAT was analyzed, and the diagnosis value of LIC in hepatic iron overload was calculated. Low-risk patients (n=22) diagnosed with iron overload received continuous regular iron removal treatment and the SF, TSAT and LIC were measured after 6 months. Results: SF, TSAT and LIC were higher in CAA patients relative to the healthy controls (P<0.05). LIC was positively correlated with SF (r=0.74, P<0.001) and TSAT (r=0.67, P<0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of LIC in the diagnosis of hepatic iron overload were 80.00% and 100% based on SF, and 76.0% and 100% based on TSAT, respectively. Additionally, SF, TSAT and LIC were all declined after 6 months of treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion: The detection of LIC based on MRI-T2* is an effective and non-invasive means for the assessment of liver iron load in patients with long-term transfusion.

Background: Prostate cancer is the third leading cause of death and is the most common cause of cancer in elderly men. Regarding to the low accuracy of screening methods such as prostate-specific antigen (PSA), Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) and trans rectal ultrasound (TRUS) in detection and localization of tumor, Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI) and Diffusion Weighted imaging (DWI) attracted many attentions in the past years. DWI reveals micro-molecular diffusion, which is the Brownian motion of the spins in biologic tissues. This technique can delineate pathologic lesions with high tissue contrast against generally suppressed background signal. In this paper, the value of DWI in detection of prostate cancer is studied.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the studied population are suspicious patients to prostate cancer based on high Prostatic Specific Antigen level or abnormal Digital Rectal Examination who refered for prostate biopsy to radiology department of Hazrate- Rasoul Hospital during the year 2011. The results of DWI are compared to biopsy results for all patients.Results: Eighty five patients are selected. The DWI sensitivity in detecting of prostate cancer is 100%, specificity 97.1% and positive and negative predictive values are 89.5% and 100%, respectively. The results showed that if DWI reports the prostate cancer as negative, the result was highly reliable and if it reports as positive, although the report was not 100% reliable, but it still had high reliability, more than 90%.Conclusion: DWI had high accuracy in detecting prostate cancer for patients with cancer. Also the accuracy of this method for patients without prostate cancer was acceptable compared to the other common methods.